Parnassia palustris, commonly called marsh grass of Parnassus, northern grass-of-Parnassus, or just grass-of-Parnassus,[1] and bog star,[2] is a flowering plant in the staff-vine family Celastraceae.[3]
It is the county flower of Cumberland in England, and appears on its flag.[4]
The name comes from ancient Greece: evidently the cattle on Mount Parnassus appreciated the plant; hence it was an "honorary grass".[5] The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.[6] It was described by the Greek physician Dioscorides, growing up a mountain in 1st century A.D.[7]
Description
It is not a grass, nor does it look like one, but grows from a short underground stem. It has long stemmed heart-shaped leaves, which are 4-12 in (10–30 cm) long. In the centre of the leaf, is the flowering stem. The stem holds a solitary white flower, blooming between July and October. The flower has 5 stamens around the centre. The flower produces a honey-like scent to attract pollinators.[7]
Range and distribution
Parnassia palustris is native to northern temperate parts of Eurasia.[8] Found in wet moorlands and marshes of northern England and Scotland.[7]
Uses
It was once used in herbal medicines, to treat disorders of the liver. Also an infusion of the leaves, (similar to a tea) was used to treat indigestion. When added to wine or water, the leaves are claimed to dissolve kidney stones.[7]
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